One of the basic concerns of the world community is the protection of the environment, which the development of science and technology, in spite of providing comfort and welfare to humans, has caused damage and created environmental crises. An environment that, as the basis of social, economic and political life, is necessary for the continuation of the life of every human being.An environment in which humans should live in a suitable, safe, disease-free and pollution-free manner. The increase in instability and environmental threats has forced mankind to think of solutions for the continuation of his life.Today, many methods are proposed to deal with environmental crises and improve the situation; In the meantime, decentralization by utilizing the capacity of environmental NGOs is a low-cost, inclusive and highly socially acceptable approach that can be considered a suitable platform for the protection of the country's environment with the extensive support of the government.In Iran's legal system, the role of these organizations as local institutions is undeniable, and suitable platforms should be provided for the active participation of these actors in environmental litigation. In this article, with a descriptive-analytical method, we will focus on the fact that, relying on decentralization and participatory management, if citizens and farmers are affected by environmental violations, they can file a lawsuit in the courts or not.