Due to the vital importance of natural resources and depletion and unsustainable exploitation of these resources in many countries on the other hand, effective protection of these resources at the highest levels of the countries' legal system is a legal strategy. It is basic. It seems that through the allocation of some principles and articles in the constitutions of a number of countries to the protection and sustainable exploitation of natural resources and the approval of various laws and regulations to implement these principles, the process of constitutionalization of natural resources is being developed. The purpose of which is to create a normative and basic order to ensure the preservation of the country's natural resources for the current and future generations along with the sustainable exploitation of these resources. This article examines the necessity of constitutionalization of the protection and sustainable exploitation of natural resources and its elements in a legal descriptive and analytical method and comes to the conclusion that two of its three pillars, i.e. constitutionalized norms and special laws enactment have been formed primarily in Iran's constitutional law. However, for its development and consistency, it is necessary to reform the legal system of natural resources and develop the constitutional procedure of the Constitutional Council in reviewing the laws approved by the parliament.