نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار پژوهشی گروه سنجش و بهبود محیط کسبوکار، پژوهشکده مطالعات و توسعه جهاددانشگاهی، واحد تهران
2 پژوهشگر گروه سنجش و بهبود محیط کسبوکار، پژوهشکده مطالعات و توسعه جهاددانشگاهی، واحد تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
What is the role of private sector in regulating economic activities and how should be established its relationship to the government? Experiences of five Business Membership Organizations (BMOs) show that the transfer of some regulatory affairs to this sector has not been successful; including regulating entrance to and exit from the markets, assigning authority of conflict settlement to one side of the conflict, and regulating prices in sensitive markets that have been needed to pricing yet. But 1) assigning consultative role for the private sector leads to improve the quality of decision making 2) Enhancing scientific capacity and expertness of private sector organizations has significant role in recognizing the main problems of members; informing decision makers about members’ demands and recommending solutions to policy makers. Moreover to be effective, BMOs should avoid from compulsory membership and rely on high quality services to attract new members. Overall, these evidences corroborate (not prove) this fundamental hypothesis: utilizing capacities of BMOs are useful when they function to reinforce and complement the markets, and are harmful when they redistribute welfare for their benefit.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
26. CIPE (2005). “Associations in Action: Local Agents for Change”, Economic Reform Case Study, Center for International Private Enterprise.
27. Doner, Richard F. and Ben Ross Schneider (2000). “Business Associations and Economic Development: Why Some Associations Contribute More Than Others”, Business and Politics, Vol. 2, No. 3.
28. Fedotov, Victor I. (2007). “Organizational and Legal Models of Chambers”, Business Associations Study, Center for International Private Enterprise.
29. Goldsmit, Arthur (2002). Business Associations and Better Governance in Africa, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
30. Haggard S., S. Maxfield and B. R. Schneider (1997). "Theories of Business and Business-state Relations", In Business and the State in Developing Countries, Maxfield S. and B. R. Schneider (eds.), Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
31. Kurz, Sonja and Alena Frode (2005). "Promoting the Business and Investment Climate Experiences of German Technical Assistance", Economic Policy and Private Sector Development, Germany.
32. Mancur Olson (1982). The Rise and Decline of Nation, Yale University Press.
33. ______ (1983). in “The Political Economy of Growth”, Edited by D.C. Mueller, Yale University Press.
34. Pilgrim, Markus and Ralf Meier Bonn (1995). “National Chambers of Commerce a Primer on the Organization and Role of Chamber Systems”. Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE), Washington, D.C.
35. Schneider, B. R. (2004). Business Politics and the State in Twentieth-Century Latin America, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
36. Wiggs Patty, John, Sean Gailmard and Frederick J. Boehmke. (2012). "Business as Usual: Interest Group Access and Representation Across Policy-Making Venues".
37. World Bank (2005). "Building the Capacity of Business Membership Organizations: Guiding Principles for Project Managers", World Bank Group, Small and Medium Enterprise Department.
38. Yongqiang, Gao (2006). "How firms influence the government Policy Decision-Making in China”, Singapore Management Review.
39. http://www.amsiran.com/
40. http://www.iccim.ir/
41. http://www.ieis.ir/
42. http://www.iranbar.org/
43. http://www.irimc.org/
44. http://www.scioe.org/
45. http://www.dastour.ir/
http://www.pezeshki.net/
)